A Midsummer Night’s Dream – The Chaos of True Love

Overview

Intent:

This unit is intended to be taught at KS4 and is designed to meet the objectives for CIE IGCSE 0475 Component 3 – Drama. It is recommended that this unit is delivered after students have studied Component 1 – Poetry and Prose, and have become familiar with planning and writing essays in response to exam questions.

This unit could also be taught at the end of KS3 in order to prepare students for studying drama at IGCSE.

Overarching Aims:

  • Develop a joy for watching and performing Shakespeare, and understand how he uses a range of dramatic methods to shape our response to the play
  • Understand the norms, values and beliefs of 16th/17th century English society and how these are reflected in the play
  • Understand the conventions of the comedy genre, and how they are used to subvert and critique the norms, values and beliefs of the period
  • Track how characters develop throughout the play, the factors that influence their behaviour, and the morals/messages we can draw from their narratives
  • Confidently explain our ideas and interpretations of the text, in writing, performance and discussion

Essential Questions:

  • How are traditional notions of gender, power and reality subverted in A Midsummer Night’s Dream?
  • How do these subversions contribute to the chaos and comedy of the play?
  • How does the setting of an Athenian court and a forest enable Shakespeare to reflect and critique 16th/17th century societal norms?
  • Why does Shakespeare subvert (and in some cases restore) these norms? What morals and messages does he convey in this play?

Useful resources for teachers:

This scheme of learning uses clips from the following two performances of the play which can be purchased online. Specific timings are given within individual lessons:

Key Skills:

  • Express clear opinions and arguments about, and interpretations of, a text (topic sentences, introductions/thesis statements) 
  • Select precise quotations to justify our ideas and assertions, and embed these within our analysis
  • Analyse language, structure and form by identifying the methods writers use, and explaining why they use them
  • Evaluate writer’s intentions by explaining how they are influenced by their contexts
  • Develop personal responses by explaining how readers respond to a text and why
  • Synthesise ideas about a text in order to develop a logical and cogent argument

Vocabulary and concepts:

Assessment:

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Scheme of Learning

Learning Question 1: What are the conventions of a Shakespearean comedy?

Learning Outcomes

Understand the conventions of Shakespeare’s comedies

Explore how they are used within a range of different plays

Evaluate how they contribute to the humour and plot of the plays

Main Activities

Display the conventions of Shakespeare’s comedies on the board (without the terminology) and ask students to predict what they may be. Prompt students to draw upon their existing knowledge of any Shakespearean comedies and the comedy genre as a whole.

Introduce the LQ and share the correct terms for each of the conventions.

Organise students into 5 groups to explore how these conventions are woven into Shakespeare’s plays. Provide each student with a Shakespeare’s Comedies summary grid and ask groups to identify and label where they can see each of the conventions. To help groups focus on one play at a time (and to offer further clues), carousel these posters of the play too.

At the end of the task, discuss:

Which conventions seem to recur the most?
How do they create humour?
How do they drive the action of the play forward?

Consolidation

Next, watch this animated summary of A Midsummer Night’s Dream.

In the remaining space on their grids, guide students to make note of (a) which comedy conventions they can identify, and (b) how they appear in the play. E.g. Clever servant – Puck, Oberon’s fairy.

Finally, discuss: Which three conventions seem most integral to the events in this play? Why? Take feedback and encourage students to ABC responses.

Learning Outcomes

Recall the main characters and plot events in the play

 

Track when and  how key themes appear 

throughout the play

 

Explain the links between events, themes and settings and why Shakespeare has structured the play in this way

Main Activities

Guide students to complete a multiple-choice plot quiz to help them quickly recall characters and events in the play (convert quiz to Google Forms and assign on Google Classroom).

Introduce the LQ and organise students into triads. Ask them to draw a large narrative arc/Freytag’s pyramid on large whiteboards, and then label it with the 6 key elements of narrative structure (exposition, inciting incident, rising action, climax, falling action and denouement).

Next, ask groups to timeline the 10 most important plot events on their diagrams (they can refer back to their quizzes). Support students with their selections by displaying the following questions on the board:

  1. What important conflict is introduced in the opening of the play?
  2. What decision serves as the inciting incident?
  3. How do we know that tension is beginning to rise?
  4. What do we expect from a climax? Which event seems to fulfil these expectations?
  5. How is the tension in the play relieved? How do we know?

Share the following themes with students and ask them to annotate their diagrams (in a different colour) explaining where and how they are revealed through the events that they have plotted: love, power and conflict, magic, dreams vs. reality, order vs. chaos.

Teachers could model this process with one theme first before guiding students to complete the rest of the task independently.

Consolidation

Help students to identify thematic patterns in the plot, by posing the following questions:

  • What links can we see between specific themes and the play’s settings? Why? Chaos ensues once the characters enter the forest. Athens is a place of order.
  • Which events act as plot catalysts? Which themes are these events most closely related to? Why? Conflicts regarding power drive the action of the play.
  • Why might the plot be described as a farce? Which themes help to make it so? Magic makes many of the plot events silly and improbable.
  • How are we, as an audience, supposed to respond to these events? We are expected to suspend our disbelief in order to appreciate the humour.